Vegetables

Rwanda grows a broad range of vegetables include Cassava leaves, Okra, Broccoli (Brassica spp), Mushrooms, Baby Corn, Eggplant, Chilli/Hot Pepper, French beans, Snow peas/sugar snaps, Carrots, Onions

Brief Description

French green beans or haricot verts double as a legume and vegetable, contributing to eye and heart health and diabetes management.

  • Major varieties grown in Rwanda: Vanila, Star, Theresa and Serengeti.
 
  • Cultivation localitions in Rwanda: French beans are current grown in Gasabo, Rwamagana, Kayonza, Bugesera, Kirehe and Nyagatare districts.
 
  • Climatic conditions for growth: Grown at air temperatures of 20°–25°C and soil temperatures of 18°–24°C.
 
  • Soils: Grown over a wide range of well-drained, alluvial friable soils with the optimum soil pH of 5.5–6.8. Lime is used to increase the soil pH. Soil aeration is done for optimum
    nitrogen fixation.
 
  • Destination Markets: Burundi, DRC, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Belgium, UK, France
 

 

Brief Description

snow peas (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon) and snap peas (Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon ser. cv.) coolseason crop grown in many parts of the world. They are flatter than garden peas and are not fully opaque.

  • Type of varieties grown in Rwanda: Sugar peas
  • Cultivation areas in Rwanda: Rulindo, Musanze and Gicumbi
  • Climatic conditions for growth: High altitude areas with cool temperatures 10° to 18°C.
  • Soils: Prefers well-drained sandy loam soils rich in organic matter with PH 6.5
  • Export destinations: UK and France
 

 

Brief Description

Rwanda's relatively cool climate is ideal for growing high-quality carrots. Excess carrots are exported to countries throughout the region and beyond.

  • Type of varieties grown in Rwanda: Nantes, Royal Chantenay, Baby carrot and Nevada.
  • Where it is grown: Nyagatare, Gatsiro, Kayonza, Burera, Musanze, Rusizi, Nyamasheke Muhanga Nyanza, and Gasabo districts.
  • Climatic conditions for growth: cooler climatic conditions with temperature range from 15° to 20°C
  • Soils: deep, well-drained, well-prepared sandy loam or loam soils are most suitable
  • Destination: Regional market
 

 

Brief Description

Rwanda hot pepper (Capsicum Annum) is the chili pepper that uses the ‘hot’ attribute because of its intense heat and different color other than red. It is a member of the pepper family with origins in Mexico. On average it is 9 to 12 centimeters long with very intense, spicy walls with similarly hot seeds.

Though there are red types, it mostly ripens from green to a chocolaty-brown color. Its Scoville heat units (SHU) levels reach 360,000 which place it in the same capsaicin level as bird’s eye and habanero. Much of the capsaicin comes from the walls of the skin and the seeds.

  • Major varieties grown in Rwanda: The Rwandan bird eye chilli, Red chilli, Orange chilli, Yellow chilli and Habanero
  • Cultivation locations in Rwanda: Kamonyi, Gisagara, Muhanga, Nyaruguru, Nyanza, Ruhango, Huye, Nyamagabe
  • Climatic conditions for growth: Optimum temperatures between 20-30°C.
  • Soils: Grown on a wide range of soils from sandy and loam, with a pH range between 5.5 and 7.
  • Altitude: 100-1500mm above sea level.
  • Rainfall: 600-1,200mm per annum.
  • Destination: China, USA, Dubai, Belgium, Germany
 

 

Brief Description

Onion (Allium cepa.): Major types of onions farmed in Rwanda are bulb onions and spring onions.

  • Varieties: Red creole
  • Altitude: below 1,900m
  • Rainfall range: 500-700mm per annum
  • Temperature range: 15- 30ºC
  • Soils: Well drained and aerated soils
  • Soil pH: Range is 6.0 – 6.8
  • Destinations: Congo Brazzaville, Congo Kinshasa
 

 

Brief Description

Broccoli (Brassica spp.) mature between 60-90 days depending on the type of species. Important species grown in Rwanda include Green sprouting, Early green F1 Hybrid, Stalto F1, Ritardos, and Heritage. Broccoli grows well in cool weather under the following conditions in Rwanda:

  • Altitude: Cool high altitude regions
  • Outdoors temperatures between 18°C to 21°C conditions.
  • Rainfall: Mean annual of 800-1000mm and planted with sufficient water
  • Soils: Soil pH of between 6.0 and 7.0 in a well-drained, fertile but moist soil
  • Sunshine: Requires at least six hours of sun every day.
  • Destination: UK, Netherlands, Belgium
 

 

Brief Description

Cassava leaves also popularly known as isombe (pounded cassava leaves) is a typical Rwandan stew made from mashed cassava leaves. Its leaves originally came from DR Congo and eventually filtered through to Rwanda and Burundi. Ordinarily, isombe is made by pounding fresh cassava leaves in homes or sold 'ready to use' in markets and supermarkets. Value added innovations have been introduced by entrepreneurs to improve the shelf life of isombe and make it more appealing to buyers in and outside Rwanda.

  • Types of varieties grown in Rwanda: Sweet cassava and bitter cassava T
  • Cultivation areas in Rwanda: Ruhango, Muhanga, Gisagara, Kamonyi, Nyanza, Bugesera
  • Climatic conditions for growth: It grows in any setting as long as it can get at least ten months of growing time and plenty of heat
  • Soils: Cassava likes to grow in rich, moist soil that has been loosened up. It grows under very poor conditions
  • Export market destinations: UK, France and Belgium.
 

 

Brief Description

Okra also known as as lady’s fingers is a herbaceous annual plant in the family of malvaceae which is grown for its edible seeds pods. The Pods are rich in vitamins C and E, carotenoids, and phenolic ompounds, especially flavonoids. Are usually ready to be harvested between 45-55 days depending on the species.

  • Altitude: Grown in Rwanda on an altitude of no more than 1100 m above sea level
  • Temperature: Grown in areas with high sunlight and hot temperatures between 20°C to 30°c
  • Soil. Well drained light sandy to medium loam with high organic matter
  • Soil PH. Range between 5.8 to 6.8
  • Destinations: UK, Netherlands, United Arab Emirates and Dubai
 

 

 
  • Type of varieties grown in Rwanda: yellow oyster, lenthynus and juda’s ear
  • Where it is grown: Kigali, Musanze, Burera
  • Climatic conditions for growth: Fresh temperatures year-round, and the sort of wet humidity conducive to mushrooms growth.
  • Destinations: Uganda, Kenya
 

 

Brief Description

Baby corn (also known as young corn, cornlets or baby sweetcorn) is a cereal grain taken from corn (maize) harvested early while the stalks are still small and immature. It typically is eaten whole – cob included – in contrast to mature corn, whose cob is too tough for human consumption.

  • Varieties grown: Panar, Baby Asian, Kalahari, Silver Queen, Extra Sweet, Early sunglow and
    kandy corn.
  • Ecological requirements:
  • Altitude: 0-2400m above sea level.
  • Rainfall: 700-1000mm during the growing region
  • Temperature: 210-270C
  • Soils: Well drained fertile sandy loams with ph ranging from 5-7.
  • Destination: UK, Netherlands
 

 

Brief Description

Eggplant, locally known as ‘vibiringanya’, is a nutrient-dense fruit that comes in a wide range of shapes, colours and sizes.Type of varieties grown in Rwanda: Graffiti
Eggplant (the purple one), the white ones
(Intoryi)

  • Cultivation locations in Rwanda: Rubavu and Kayonza districts
  • Climatic conditions for growth: They require high temperatures, similar to tomatoes and peppers.
  • Grow fastest when temperatures are between 70 and 85°F (21 and 30°C)—and very slowly during cooler weather.
  • Soils: It grows best in a well-drained sandy loam or loam soil, fairly high in organic matter.
  • Destination: Belgium